Frederick Douglass Read the Following Passage From Chapter Viii Beginning in the 6th Paragraph

Matching Paragraph Headings:

Reading Lesson 1

Objective: to do matching paragraph headings to paragraphs.

A common blazon of IELTS Reading question will ask you lot to select headings of paragraphs and friction match them to the paragraphs from a text.

On this page there is a total reading text and some practice questions.

At the end of the folio, in that location is a discussion of the answers and how yous should accept identified the correct match.

Strategies to respond the questions

Quickly read through the paragraph headings so y'all tin encounter what they say.
Then expect at the first paragraph.
Often only the topic sentence needs to be read carefully considering the primary idea and answer are there - yous may exist able to just skim the remainder.
Sometimes, however, the answer is not in the topic sentence and the whole paragraph needs to be read more carefully.
If a match is not immediately obvious, motility on to the next one.
If y'all are unsure between ii answers at offset, put them both in. You may be able to eliminate one answer later if information technology fits another paragraph better.
If at the end you are withal stuck between two answers for a question, pick which fits best.

Things to beware of

There are always more choices of paragraph headings on the list than paragraphs, so be careful when matching them.
Watch out for synonyms - oft words in the paragraphs and paragraph headings will not be the aforementioned; they will be synonyms.
Having a substantive from a heading that is in the paragraph does not guarantee they friction match - you yet need to read it carefully to bank check.

One Paragraph Practice Exercise

Before yous do a full reading, we'll have a practice with one paragraph.

This is the commencement paragraph from the full reading you volition do. There are only five choices of paragraph headings for this first ane (less than on the full reading).

Follow the process shown above, and click on what you think is the correct answer. The topic sentence is in red to remind yous to focus on that.

Yoruba Towns

A.The Yoruba people of Nigeria allocate their towns in two ways. Permanent towns with their own governments are chosen "ilu", whereas temporary settlements, set up to support work in the country are "aba". Although ilu tend to be larger than aba, the distinction is non ane of size, some aba are big, while declining ilu tin be small, simply of purpose. At that place is no "typical" Yoruba town, but some features are common to almost towns.

Now you know some strategies and have skillful with one paragraph, y'all can now practise matching paragraph headings with a full text.

Matching Paragraph Headings - Practice

Read and focus on the topic sentences in the text below and so match the paragraph headings to their paragraphs.

I has been done for you.

*****

Questions one-vi

The reading passage has seven paragraphs:A – G.

Choose the most suitable paragraph headingsB – G from the list of headings on the right.

Write the appropriate numbers(i –ix) in the text boxes below the headings.

NB At that place are more paragraph headings than paragraphs so you will not use them all.

Yoruba Town

A. The Yoruba people of Nigeria classify their towns in 2 ways. Permanent towns with their ain governments are called "ilu", whereas temporary settlements, gear up to back up work in the land are "aba". Although ilu tend to be larger than aba, the distinction is not one of size, some aba are large, while declining ilu tin be small, merely of purpose. There is no "typical" Yoruba boondocks, but some features are common to most towns.

B. In the 19th century most towns were heavily fortified and the foundations of these walls are sometimes visible. Collecting tolls to enter and go out through the walls was a major source of revenue for the old town rulers, every bit were market fees. The markets were generally located centrally and in modest towns, while in large towns there were permanent stands fabricated of corrugated iron or concrete. The market was usually next to the local ruler's palace.

C. The palaces were often very large. In the 1930'due south, the area of Oyo's palace covered 17 acres, and consisted of a series of courtyards surrounded past private and public rooms. After colonisation, many of the palaces were completely or partially demolished. Often the rulers built two storey houses for themselves using some of the palace grounds for government buildings.

D. The town is divided into different sections. In some towns these are regular, extending out from the center of the town like spokes on a wheel, while in others, where space is limited, they are more than random. The different areas are further divided into compounds called "ile". These vary in size considerably from single dwellings to up to xxx houses. They tend to be larger in the Northward. Big areas are devoted to government authoritative buildings. Newer developments such equally industrial or commercial areas or apartment housing for civil servants tends to exist build on the edge of the town.

E. Houses are rectangular and either have a courtyard in the center or the rooms come off a central corridor. Near social life occurs in the courtyard. They are usually built of hardened mud and have roofs of corrugated atomic number 26 or, in the countryside, thatch. Buildings of this material are easy to alter, either by knocking down rooms or adding new ones. And tin be improved past coating the walls with cement. Richer people oftentimes build their houses of concrete blocks and, if they can afford to, build 2 storey houses. Within compounds there can be quite a mixture of building types. Younger well-educated people may have well furnished houses while their older relatives live in mud walled buildings and sleep on mats on the flooring.

F. The builder or the almost senior homo gets a room either virtually the entrance or, in a two storied house, next to the balcony. He normally has more than one room. Junior men get a room each and at that place are split up rooms for teenage boys and girls to slumber in. Younger children sleep with their mothers. Whatsoever empty room are used as storage, let out or, if they face the street, used as shops.

G. Amenities vary. In some towns about of the population uses communal water taps and simply the rich have piped water, in others piped h2o is more than normal. Some areas take toilets, just bucket toilets are common with waste existence collected by a "night soil man". Access to water and electricity are key political issues.

569 words

Listing of Paragraph Headings

i. Town facilities

ii. Colonisation

3. Urban divisions

iv. Architectural home styles

v. Types of settlements

six. Historical foundations

vii. Domestic arrangements

viii. City defenses

ix. The residences of the rulers

x. Regime buildings

Match the heading with the paragraph

Instance: Paragraph A

Answer: v

5. Paragraph F

half-dozen. Paragraph Chiliad

Paragraph Headings Respond Word

Paragraph B

(half dozen) - Historical foundations

B. In the 19th century near towns were heavily fortified and the foundations of these walls are sometimes visible. Collecting tolls to enter and exit through the walls was a major source of revenue for the sometime boondocks rulers, as were market fees. The markets were generally located centrally and in small towns, while in large towns there were permanent stands made of corrugated atomic number 26 or physical. The market was usually next to the local ruler'south palace.

In this offset question, the discussion 'foundation' is in the topic judgement. This does not automatically brand 'vi' the correct answer. Even so, it is a skilful reason to flag this upward as a possibility. The heading also refers to 'history', so the reference to '19th century' in the topic judgement tells us the paragraph is about the history. A quick skim of the paragraph confirms this.

Paragraph C

(ix) - The residences of the rulers

C. The palaces were oft very big. In the 1930's, the expanse of Oyo'southward palace covered 17 acres, and consisted of a series of courtyards surrounded by private and public rooms. After colonization, many of the palaces were completely or partially demolished. Oftentimes the rulers built ii storey houses for themselves using some of the palace grounds for authorities buildings.

The topic setence mentions the palaces, which is where the rulers of Yaruba would likely alive, and the heading mentioned the homes (residences) of the rulers, so it is probable to be 9. Reading the rest of the paragraph confirms that the whole paragraph talks by and large almost the palaces in Yoruna. Don't be tricked by the 'colonisation' heading. This simply refers to ane sentence in the paragraph, not the whole paragraph. It is therefore a supporting betoken rather than the main idea.

Paragraph D

(three) - Urban divisions

D. The town is divided into dissimilar sections. In some towns these are regular, extending out from the center of the town similar spokes on a bike, while in others, where space is limited, they are more random. The unlike areas are further divided into compounds called "ile". These vary in size considerably from single dwellings to up to xxx houses. They tend to be larger in the North. Large areas are devoted to authorities authoritative buildings. Newer developments such as industrial or commercial areas or apartment housing for civil servants tends to be build on the edge of the town.

The answer is first seen in the topic sentence. The word 'divided' should have flagged this up to you equally a possibility. Find the use of the synonym 'urban' to supercede 'town'. It is common to see synonyms in paragraph headings questions and other IELTS reading questions.

Paragraph E

(four) - Architectural abode styles

Due east. Houses are rectangular and either take a courtyard in the center or the rooms come off a central corridor. Almost social life occurs in the courtyard. They are commonly congenital of hardened mud and have roofs of corrugated iron or, in the countryside, thatch. Buildings of this cloth are piece of cake to alter, either by knocking down rooms or adding new ones. And tin can be improved past blanket the walls with cement. Richer people oftentimes build their houses of concrete blocks and, if they tin afford to, build two storey houses. Within compounds in that location can exist quite a mixture of edifice types. Younger well-educated people may have well furnished houses while their older relatives alive in mud walled buildings and sleep on mats on the floor.

The topic sentence starts to give you a clue that 'iv' is the correct choice of the paragraph headings every bit it discusses houses and their styles. This is and then discussed farther in the supporting sentences that follow.

Paragraph F

(vii) - Domestic arrangements

F. The builder or the well-nigh senior man gets a room either near the archway or, in a two storied business firm, side by side to the balustrade. He unremarkably has more than i room. Junior men get a room each and there are separate rooms for teenage boys and girls to sleep in. Younger children sleep with their mothers. Any empty room are used as storage, let out or, if they face the street, used as shops.

In this context, 'domestic' means of or relating to the home, then the heading is referring to the arrangements within the home. Again, just past reading the topic judgement you tin can encounter that this paragraph is discussing dwelling house arrangements and skimming through the residual of the paragraph confirms this.

Paragraph G

(i) - Town facilities

G. Amenities vary. In some towns about of the population uses communal water taps and only the rich take piped water, in others piped water is more normal. Some areas have toilets, merely bucket toilets are common with waste existence collected past a "night soil human being". Access to water and electricity are key political issues.

'Facilities' is a synonym of 'amenities' so this is the kickoff clue that this could fit this paragraph, merely you demand to read on to ostend that the paragraph is discussing the facilities of the town, which information technology is.

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